Deposit, affordability, LTI: the barriers holding hopeful buyers back

Jonathan Evans on why first-time buyers and the products built for them are never one-size-fits-all

Deposit, affordability, LTI: the barriers holding hopeful buyers back

The biggest challenge facing first-time buyers in the UK isn’t a lack of desire. From those still living with their parents to those renting longer than they planned, people across the country aspire to homeownership. Many are doing their best to turn that desire into four walls all their own but keep stumbling out of the gate.

Jonathan Evans, Senior National Account Lead at Skipton Building Society, sees this struggle play out every day and there are no easy answers. The barriers first-time buyers face — deposit requirements, affordability constraints, loan-to-income (LTI) restrictions — don’t always present in isolation, he says, and often overlap. That’s precisely why no single product can address them all.

“Some customers can afford monthly payments but struggle to get the deposit, then you’ve got the complete opposite,” Evans says. “First-time buyers aren’t just one group; different customers face different barriers. Solutions need to reflect individual circumstances.”

Where there’s a will, there’s a product

Purchase mortgage approvals fell from 66,000 in April to 56,200 in May as the Iran conflict drove rate volatility, pushing the average fixed rate from 4% to 5% in the space of weeks. Add to that picture a new government settled at Number 10 and a budget due October 28, and there’s no shortage of reasons for people’s confidence to waver on how — or if — they’ll ever get a property.

Though Evans is first to admit there’s a lot happening, to put it mildly, he’s equally quick to underscore that demand from first-time buyers has not followed the headlines.

“House prices are high compared to income and saving a deposit while paying rent is difficult,” he says. “But there’s realistic and responsible optimism in the market and reasons to be positive.”

Lenders are more willing to innovate where they can without waiting for regulatory change, with some of the impetus provided by the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Any clarification from the regulator is helpful, but Evans stresses that no one effort on its own is a silver bullet: the lending limits the FCA touched on, for example, are only one lever in a complex machine.

The FCA’s CP26/18 Mortgage Rule Review does propose welcome changes. The stand-out for Evans is increased coverage of variable and irregular income.

“Gone are the days of a comfortable salary arriving the same day every month,” Evans says, pointing to the rise of zero-hours contractors, supply teachers, bank nurses, and people with side hustles or multiple income streams.

“There are a lot of creditworthy buyers out there who don’t fit traditional salary models. Lenders need better tools to assess these incomes and improve access without weakening standards.”

The encouraging thing is that the industry as a whole is mobilising — and that certainly helps first-time buyers. Skipton, he adds, is “definitely one of the pioneers” in that effort.

Built for the buyer in front of you

At Skipton, the focus is on developing a suite of targeted solutions, each one built to address a specific barrier and remain open to further refinement. Track Record, the lender’s no-deposit mortgage, is one of its most popular. Since its launch three years ago, it’s helped over 2,500 buyers and generated roughly £186 million in applications to the half-year point.

The product has also evolved considerably since it came to market — from a like-for-like rent cap, to 120%, to its current ceiling of 150% — driven by direct feedback from brokers and customers through initiatives like the Skipton Listens broker forum.

With Track Record, raising the threshold made sense because Skipton kept hearing how some renters were unfairly restricted for sensible saving behaviour, Evans explains.

“A very savvy aspiring first-time buyer might deliberately choose a cheaper rental property, or one in a less affluent area, to allow them headroom to save for the deposit. But that act of saving worked against them, because it stopped them borrowing enough to buy the property they could actually afford.”

Skipton has other solutions for buyers whose barriers extend beyond the deposit. The Skipton Group Home Affordability Index A Home of Your Own, published in March 2026, found that 52 per cent of recent first-time buyers needed two or more full-time incomes to afford a home, and 30 per cent received family help to get on the ladder.

Both figures point to the same underlying reality: for many hopeful buyers, their own income isn’t enough. Income Booster addresses this in part through a joint borrower sole proprietor proposition, enabling buyers to boost their borrowing potential using the income of a family member or friend, without making them legal owners of the property.

More recently, the LTI Booster was added to the range, targeting a third distinct group: those who can meet monthly payments but are constrained by the standard income multiple. By extending LTI to 5.5x, it opens a route to purchase for buyers who have the income to service the debt but have been hitting a ceiling that the standard lending framework couldn’t accommodate.

Delayed Start rounds out the suite, fitting in alongside the core products to provide extra flexibility. The product allows buyers to defer their first payment by up to three months (although interest does accrue from day one), easing pressure during what Evans describes as “a particularly expensive period of their life” that may include overlapping rent, moving expenses, new furniture, and repairs.

In all, no single product is meant to carry the full weight of the barriers first-time buyers face in today’s market and in Skipton’s view, that’s as it should be.

‘A clear, strategic desire’ to help

Around 92 per cent of Skipton’s lending is placed through mortgage brokers, and while brokers are largely across the options available, many of their clients are not. Closing that knowledge gap is as much a part of Skipton’s mission as the products themselves.

Evans’ advice is not to assume every first-time buyer fits the traditional mould or that they know what’s available to them. Brokers should spend time understanding the individual barrier, whether it be deposit, borrowing power, affordability, or cash flow during the move, and consider the full range of options.

“For example, many customers believe they need a deposit to buy a house, when in fact they don’t,” Evans says, urging brokers to use their connections: speak to letting and estate agents, host local events, and “get creative about how to get what lenders are doing out there to your customers.”

“It opens a wider market for the flexibility and innovation lenders are introducing. Brokers are the difference between a customer believing homeownership is impossible and finding a viable way.”

Today’s buyers face different challenges than previous generations. Meeting them requires everyone at the table, from brokers and lenders to government and policymakers.

“We’ve got a clear, strategic desire to help first-time buyers and it's not about lowering standards,” Evans says. “It’s about recognising that people earn differently, people rent differently, people save differently. The route to homeownership is different for everyone.”

Jonathan Evans
Senior National Accounts Lead
Subject to eligibility and lending criteria.
For Intermediary Use Only.

This article was produced in partnership with Skipton Building Society